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Onissim Goldovsky
Onissim Borisovich Goldovsky (January 6, 1865 – September 7, 1922) was a Russian attorney, political philosopher and activist, author, and champion of Jewish causes. A so-called “Westerner” influenced by ideas of the French enlightenment, he was one of the founders of the Kadet party and advocated for a constitutional democracy for Russia. Married to the author Rashel Khin, he fathered three children with the violinist Lea Luboshutz, among them the opera impresario Boris Goldovsky.
==Early life==
Born in Vilnius, his father was a Merchant of the Second Guild.〔Goldovsky, Boris and Curtis Cate, My Road to Opera, New York; Houghton Mifflin, 1970; www.jewage.org/wiki/en/Profile:P1552084391 indicates the location of his birth in Vilnius. Student transcript from Moscow University confirms birth date and location.〕 A brilliant student, Goldovsky was initially admitted to the physics and mathematics department of Moscow Imperial University (Императорский Imperatorsky) in 1883, only to switch to the Faculty of History and Philology in 1884 and, after passing all his exams that year, finally ending up in the Faculty of Law,〔Student transcript of Onissim Goldovsky, Moscow State University〕 probably at the suggestion of his uncle, the jurist Vladimir Osipovich Garkavi. Coming under the influence of the philosopher Vasili Rozanov,〔Soloviev, Yuri, "Bryanskiye prikliucheniya 'Russkogo Nitsche'", Bryanskaya tema, Volume 9, Number 71, 2013.〕 he helped to edit some of his writings. A brief affair with Rozanov’s wife, Polina Suslova, ended in Goldovsky being denounced for his political activities and serving brief jail time.〔Gippius, Zinaida, "The Thoughtful Wanderer: On Rozanov," in Russian Studies in Philosophy, Winter 2008-9, Volume 47, Number 3, p.47〕 Upon completing his studies he interned with two of the most important liberal jurists of the time -- Rudolf Rudolfovich Mintslov and Alexander Ivanovich Urusov (about whom he wrote a biography〔Gol’dovskii, Onissim Borisovich, “Knyaz Urusov Kak Patron,” Knyaz Alexandr Ivanovich Urusov: Stat’I Ego, Pis’ma Ego, Vospominaniya o Hyem, Moscow, 1907〕). It was Urusov who introduced Goldovsky to his future wife, the writer Rashel Mironovna Khin.〔Khin Goldovsky, Rashel Nironovna, Diaries (1891-1906). Moscow: Archive of Literature and Arts (fund 128 1 1)〕
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